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Ancient History

The study of ancient history uncovered civilizations, innovations, achievements, and legacies that laid the foundation for the modern world.

The Battle of Red Cliffs: The Epic Clash That Defined The Three Kingdoms
The Battle of Red Cliffs: The Epic Clash That Defined The Three Kingdoms

The Battle of Red Cliffs is one of the most famous battles in Chinese history, but most accounts tend to mix fact and fiction.

An Overview of the Xia, Shang, & Zhou Chinese Dynasties
An Overview of the Xia, Shang, & Zhou Chinese Dynasties

The first three Chinese dynasties spanned almost 2,000 years, beginning with the enigmatic Xia and ending with the political turmoil of the Zhou Dynasty.

How Did the Minoan Octopus Vase Get Cracked?
How Did the Minoan Octopus Vase Get Cracked?

In 2015, a 4,000-year-old Minoan Octopus flask fell and got destroyed while on display at the eminent Heraklion Museum in Crete, Greece.

The Curious Case of the Roman God Janus: Origins, Epithets, History
The Curious Case of the Roman God Janus: Origins, Epithets, History

In Roman polytheism, one god stands out as uniquely Roman with a unique place in the hierarchy of gods: Janus.

Who (or What) Was Ma’at in Ancient Egypt?
Who (or What) Was Ma’at in Ancient Egypt?

The idea of Ma’at was a fundamental concept in ancient Egypt, but what was Ma’at, and how did an idea manifest as a goddess?

Hallstatt Culture: What Do We Know About the Earliest Celtic Culture?
Hallstatt Culture: What Do We Know About the Earliest Celtic Culture?

The Hallstatt period was the earliest phase of Celtic culture. What we know about these people comes exclusively from their material remains.

Apotheosis: How the Romans Made Men Into Gods
Apotheosis: How the Romans Made Men Into Gods

What did apotheosis mean to the ancient Romans and how did it pave the way for the deification of the Roman emperors?

10 Ancient Maya Ruins You Can Visit
10 Ancient Maya Ruins You Can Visit

Climb Belize’s tallest structure, walk through a city swallowed by jungle, and see a 65-ton stone monument. These ten Maya ruins are just legendary.